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Engine Cranks But Does Not Run

Diagnostic Instructions
    • Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
    • Review Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
    • Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

Circuit/System Description

This Engine Cranks but Does Not Run diagnostic is an organized approach to identify a condition which causes the engine to crank but not start. This diagnostic directs the technician to the appropriate system diagnosis.

Diagnostic Aids

Inspect for any of the following conditions:

    • Insufficient fuel can cause a no start condition. Thoroughly inspect the fuel delivery system for sufficient fuel volume to the fuel injectors. Inspect the fuel supply components for partial blockage or restrictions.
    • Fuel injectors with partially blocked and restricted nozzles, or a malfunctioning solenoid, can cause a no start condition. Refer to Fuel Injector Solenoid Coil Test and Fuel Injector Balance Test .
    • There may be fuel spray at the fuel injectors and the indicated fuel pressure may be correct, yet there may not be enough fuel to start the engine. If the fuel injectors and the injector circuit are OK, and fuel spray is detected, the fuel injector ON time may be inadequate. If the engine control module (ECM) receives incorrect inputs from the various information sensors, the fuel delivered by the fuel injectors may be inadequate to start the engine. Check all the engine data parameters with a scan tool and compare the values indicated with the expected values or the values from a known good vehicle.
    • Check the crankshaft position sensor engine reference signal with a scan tool. Observe the Engine Speed parameter while cranking the engine. The scan tool should indicate a steady 200-300 RPM while cranking. If erratic values, such as sudden spikes in the engine speed are displayed, the engine reference signal is not stable enough for the engine to start and run properly.
    • Inspect the engine for good secure electrical grounds.
    • If the engine almost starts and then stalls, check for an open circuit in the ground circuits of the crankshaft position sensor and the camshaft position sensor.
    • Water or foreign material in the fuel can cause a no start or engine will not stay running condition. During freezing weather water can freeze inside the fuel system. The engine may start after 30 min in a heated workshop. The malfunction may not recur until parked overnight in freezing temperatures. Extreme weather conditions can cause contaminated fuel to prevent the vehicle from starting.
    • A vehicle that starts and runs after being brought to the garage for a no start condition, may have an ignition system that is susceptible to moisture. Spray water on the ignition system components and the wiring in order to check for an engine starting or will not stay running concern.

Reference Information

Schematic Reference

Engine Controls Schematics

Electrical Information Reference

    •  Circuit Testing
    •  Connector Repairs
    •  Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
    •  Wiring Repairs

DTC Type Reference

Powertrain Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Type Definitions

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References for scan tool information

Special Tools

    •  J 34730-1A Fuel Pressure Gauge
    •  J 26792 Spark Tester
    • J 34730-405 Injector Test Lamp

Circuit/System Verification

Note: This diagnostic assumes the following:

   • The battery is completely charged. Refer to Battery Inspection/Test .
   • The engine cranking speed is acceptable. Refer to Engine Cranks Slowly .
   • There is adequate fuel in the fuel tank.

  1. Engine cranking, observe the DTC information with a scan tool. Verify that DTC P0117, P0118, P0122, P0123, P0222, P0223, P0335, P0336, P0562, P0563, P0601, P0602, P0604, P0606, or U0101 is not set.
    2. ⇒If any of the DTCs are set, refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle .
  2. Engine cranking, observe the scan tool Engine Speed parameter. The parameter should be greater than 0 RPM.
    3. ⇒If not the specified value, refer to DTC P0335 or P0336 for further diagnosis.
  3. Cycle the ignition from OFF to ON. You should hear and feel an audible click from the EC ignition relay. Repeat as necessary in order to verify EC ignition relay operation.
    4. ⇒If the EC ignition relay does not click, refer to DTC P0685, P0689, P0690, or P1682 for further diagnosis.
  4. Ignition OFF, disconnect the fuel pump control module fuse.
  5. Connect a J 26792 to the boot of a spark plug wire of a cylinder and ground.

    6. Note: An erratic or weak spark is considered a no spark condition.

  6. Engine cranking, verify the spark tester sparks.
    7. ⇒If there is no spark, refer to Electronic Ignition System Diagnosis .
  7. Ignition OFF, install the fuel pump control module fuse.
  8. Ignition ON, command the Fuel Pump Enable ON with a scan tool. You should hear the fuel pump turn ON.
    9. ⇒If the fuel pump does not turn ON, refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
  9. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at a fuel injector.
  10. Connect a J 34730-405 between the control circuit and the ignition 1 voltage circuit. Engine cranking, the injector test lamp should flash.
    11. ⇒If the injector test lamp does not flash, refer to DTC P0201, P0202, P0203, or P0204 .
  11. Ignition OFF, install the J 34730-1A . Refer to Fuel Pressure Gauge Installation and Removal : LE5 or LE9 .

    12. Note: 

       • The fuel pump may need to be commanded ON a few times, in order to obtain the highest possible fuel pressure.
       • Do NOT start the engine for this test.

  12. Ignition ON, command the Fuel Pump Enable ON with a scan tool. The fuel pressure should be between 380-410 kPa (55-60 psi).
    13. ⇒If not within the specified range, refer to Fuel System Diagnosis .
  13. Verify the following conditions do not exist:
    14. • Collapsed air inlet duct to the throttle body
    • Restricted air filter element
    • Spark plugs for being gas or coolant fouled
    • A skewed manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor--Refer toDTC P0106 .
    • A skewed engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor--Refer to Temperature Versus Resistance .
    • Exhaust system restricted.
    • Fuel contamination--Refer to Alcohol/Contaminants-in-Fuel Diagnosis .
    • Engine mechanical condition, for example, worn timing belt or low compression--Refer to Symptoms - Engine Mechanical : LE5 or LE9 or Engine Compression Test : LE5 or LE9 .
         ⇒If you find any of the above conditions, repair as necessary.

Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification after completing the diagnostic procedure.

   


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